Iminqweno yam yomdwelisi wesicelo ayiphumelelanga xa kulungiswa ingxaki yokudibanisa

I-Assembler yam ye-Application Programmer ayiphumelelanga xa i-Debugging Assembler

Kangangeminyaka, ilizwe lam lobuchwephesha lakhiwe phezulu kwiileya zokutsalwa. Njengomdwelisi wenkqubo wanamhlanje, ndihlala kwindawo ekhululekileyo yeelwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, amaxesha okusebenza alawulwayo, kunye nesakhelo esinamandla. A null pointer ngaphandle? Umkhondo wesitaki undikhomba ekunene kumgca oyingxaki. Inkumbulo evuzayo? Umqokeleli wenkunkuma udla ngokuyiphatha ngaphambi kokuba ndiqaphele. Oku kutsalwa ngamandla amakhulu, kusivumela ukuba sakhe iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo njengeqonga leMewayz elinesantya esimangalisayo. Kodwa mva nje, ukuntywila nzulu kwikhowudi yenkqubo yelifa-ikrwada, isidibanisi esingangxengwanga-kwayiphanzisile le ntuthuzelo. Ingqondo yam yezinga eliphezulu, ephuculwe kwiminyaka elishumi, yayingelolize nje; babendilahlekisa ngenkuthalo.

I-Illusion of Control and Shock ye-Bare Metal

Umsebenzi wawubonakala ulula ngokwaneleyo: chonga ukuba kutheni uphazamiseko oluthile lwehardware lwalusilela ngamaxesha athile. Kwihlabathi lam, oku kuya kubandakanya ukujonga ifayile yelog, ukulandela umnxeba osebenzayo, okanye ukuseta indawo yokuphumla. Ithuku lam lokuqala yayikukujonga "umsebenzi." Ndaskena ikhowudi yokuhlanganisa, ndikhangela iphethini eyaziwayo, ukungena okucacileyo kunye nendawo yokuphuma. Endaweni yoko, ndifumene i-labyrinth yemiyalelo yokutsiba (JMP, JZ) ebuyela emva ngokwabo, kunye nedatha edibeneyo nekhowudi. Kwakungekho isakhelo sesitaki sokuhlola, akukho ziguquguqukayo zasekuhlaleni zokubukela. Ingqikelelo kanye "yomsebenzi" yayiyintsomi ekwinqanaba eliphezulu endandiyibeke kwinyani esebenza ngokulula, iseti yemithetho ekhohlakeleyo. Ulawulo endaluthatha lula lwaluyinto engekhoyo. Apha, umqhubekekisi usandula ukwenza umyalelo olandelayo, omnye emva komnye, ngogqaliselo olungaboniyo, olungaxengaxengiyo.

Xa uMqokeleli weNkunkuma yeBrain yakho ephula

Ona ntsilelo inzulu yengqondo yam ibijikeleze inkumbulo. Kwiilwimi ezifana neJava okanye iPython, ulawulo lwememori luzenzekela kakhulu. Udala into, uyisebenzise, ​​kwaye ekugqibeleni, inkqubo ibuyisela imemori. Kwi-assembler, akukho mqokeleli wenkunkuma. Yonke irejista kunye nedilesi yememori sisixhobo esixabisekileyo, esinesiphelo ekufuneka usilawule ngononophelo olunenkathalo. Inkqubo yam yokulungisa ingxaki yabethwa yimpazamo enkulu: bendihlala ndicinga ukuba imeko yememori iya kuqhubeka ngokuqikelelwayo. Ndingalanda ixabiso kwirejista, ndiphazanyiswe lelinye isebe lekhowudi, ndize ndibuye ndifumanise ukuba irejista ibhalwe ngaphezulu ngomsebenzi obonakala unganxulumananga. Bendizama ukulungisa ingxaki ngengqondo "eqokelelwe inkunkuma", ndilindele ukuba indawo engqongileyo indigcinele ilizwe. Ihlabathi elihlangeneyo alinikezi imbeko enjalo. Ifuna rhoqo, ubalo-mali olwenziwa ngesandla kwi-byte nganye.

Ukufunda kwakhona iNdlela yokuCinga: Ixabiso lembono eyahlukileyo

Lo msebenzi unxunguphalisayo waba sisifundo esithobekileyo nesixabiseke kakhulu. Ukunyanzelwa ukuba ndiyeke ukucinga kwam kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye ndicinge njengomatshini-ukukhathalela ulwabiwo lwerejista, izikhombisi ze-stack, kunye neeflegi zeprosesa-yayikuseta ngokutsha okusisiseko. Indikhumbuze ukuba zonke izixhobo ezinamandla endizisebenzisa mihla le, kubandakanya amaqonga afana ne-Mewayz enza lula inkqubo ye-orchestration yeshishini, ekugqibeleni zakhelwe phezu kwesi siseko sikrwada, soomatshini. Ukuqonda eso siseko, nokuba kuncinci, kunika uxabiso olunzulu ngobuhle be-abstract kunye neliso elibukhali lokuxilonga iingxaki ezinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha "zivuze" kwiileya.

• Ukucingelwa kwe-Abstraction: Kulindeleke iikhonsepthi ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu njengemisebenzi kunye nezinto ezikhoyo kwinqanaba elisezantsi.
• Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lweMemori: Ukulibala ukuba yonke imisebenzi yememori kufuneka iphathwe ngokucacileyo kwaye ilandelelwe.
• IDatha eTyebileyo yokuLungisa: Ukuxhomekeka kumagama omfuziselo kunye nolandelelwano lwemfumba olungekhoyo kwikhowudi yomatshini okrwada.
• Ukuqukuqela kweNgcaciso eSequential: Ukucinga ngokwemigaqo ye-loops ecwangcisiweyo kunye neebhloko ezinemiqathango endaweni yokutsiba kunye neeflegi zamandulo.

I-debugging assembler indifundise ukuba ezona bugs ziyingozi azikho kwikhowudi, kodwa kwiingqikelelo zomdwelisi wenkqubo malunga nendlela ikhowudi esebenza ngayo.

Isifundo kwintlonipho esisiseko

Ukubuyela kwimeko yam yenkqubo yenqanaba eliphezulu emva kolu bunzima ndaziva ngathi ndibuyela ekhaya. Kodwa ndabuya ndinentlonipho ehlaziyiweyo yeziseko ezenza umsebenzi wam ube nokwenzeka. Ukudityaniswa kwemodyuli engenamthungo kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi okuzenzekelayo kwinkqubo efana ne-Mewayz zizinto zobunjineli ezihlala phezu kwentaba entsonkothileyo, inqanaba elisezantsi lokuqiqa. Ngelixa kungafuneki ndibe yingcaphephe yokuhlanganisa ukwakha isoftware yeshishini esebenzayo, amava andinike umbono obalulekileyo. Iqaqambise ukubaluleka kokuqonda iileya ezingaphantsi kwezixhobo zethu, kungekuko ukuba sisebenze kuzo yonke imihla, kodwa ukubulela ngcono umlingo abawenzayo kwaye ube ngusombululi weengxaki oqondayo xa lo mlingo ungaphumeleli ngamanye amaxesha. Ithuku lam alizange lisilele nje; zabuyiselwa ukuba zibengcono.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

I-Assembler yeSicelo sam asiphumelelanga xa iDebugging Assembler

Kangangeminyaka, ilizwe lam lobuchwephesha lakhiwe phezulu kwiileya zokutsalwa. Njengomdwelisi wenkqubo wanamhlanje, ndihlala kwindawo ekhululekileyo yeelwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, amaxesha okusebenza alawulwayo, kunye nesakhelo esinamandla. A null pointer ngaphandle? Umkhondo wesitaki undikhomba ekunene kumgca oyingxaki. Inkumbulo evuzayo? Umqokeleli wenkunkuma udla ngokuyiphatha ngaphambi kokuba ndiqaphele. Oku kutsalwa ngamandla amakhulu, kusivumela ukuba sakhe iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo njengeqonga leMewayz elinesantya esimangalisayo. Kodwa mva nje, ukuntywila nzulu kwikhowudi yenkqubo yelifa-ikrwada, isidibanisi esingangxengwanga-kwayiphanzisile le ntuthuzelo. Ingqondo yam yezinga eliphezulu, ephuculwe kwiminyaka elishumi, yayingelolize nje; babendilahlekisa ngenkuthalo.

I-Illusion of Control and Shock ye-Bare Metal

Umsebenzi wawubonakala ulula ngokwaneleyo: chonga ukuba kutheni uphazamiseko oluthile lwehardware lwalusilela ngamaxesha athile. Kwihlabathi lam, oku kuya kubandakanya ukujonga ifayile yelog, ukulandela umnxeba osebenzayo, okanye ukuseta indawo yokuphumla. Ithuku lam lokuqala yayikukujonga "umsebenzi." Ndaskena ikhowudi yokuhlanganisa, ndikhangela iphethini eyaziwayo, ukungena okucacileyo kunye nendawo yokuphuma. Endaweni yoko, ndifumene i-labyrinth yemiyalelo yokutsiba (JMP, JZ) ebuyele emva kubo, kunye nedatha edityaniswe nekhowudi. Kwakungekho isakhelo sesitaki sokuhlola, akukho ziguquguqukayo zasekuhlaleni zokubukela. Ingqikelelo kanye "yomsebenzi" yayiyintsomi ekwinqanaba eliphezulu endandiyibeke kwinyani esebenza ngokulula, iseti yemithetho ekhohlakeleyo. Ulawulo endaluthatha lula lwaluyinto engekhoyo. Apha, umqhubekekisi usandula ukwenza umyalelo olandelayo, omnye emva komnye, ngogqaliselo olungaboniyo, olungaxengaxengiyo.

Xa uMqokeleli weNkunkuma yeNgqondo yakho ephula phantsi

Ona ntsilelo inzulu yengqondo yam ibijikeleze inkumbulo. Kwiilwimi ezifana neJava okanye iPython, ulawulo lwememori luzenzekela kakhulu. Udala into, uyisebenzise, ​​kwaye ekugqibeleni, inkqubo ibuyisela imemori. Kwi-assembler, akukho mqokeleli wenkunkuma. Yonke irejista kunye nedilesi yememori sisixhobo esixabisekileyo, esinesiphelo ekufuneka usilawule ngononophelo olunenkathalo. Inkqubo yam yokulungisa ingxaki yabethwa yimpazamo enkulu: bendihlala ndicinga ukuba imeko yememori iya kuqhubeka ngokuqikelelwayo. Ndingalanda ixabiso kwirejista, ndiphazanyiswe lelinye isebe lekhowudi, ndize ndibuye ndifumanise ukuba irejista ibhalwe ngaphezulu ngomsebenzi obonakala unganxulumananga. Bendizama ukulungisa ingxaki ngengqondo "eqokelelwe inkunkuma", ndilindele ukuba indawo engqongileyo indigcinele ilizwe. Ihlabathi elihlangeneyo alinikezi imbeko enjalo. Ifuna rhoqo, ubalo-mali olwenziwa ngesandla kwi-byte nganye.

Ukufunda kwakhona iNdlela yokuCinga: Ixabiso lembono eyahlukileyo

Lo msebenzi unxunguphalisayo waba sisifundo esithobekileyo nesixabiseke kakhulu. Ukunyanzelwa ukuba ndiyeke ukucinga kwam kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye ndicinge njengomatshini-ukukhathalela ulwabiwo lwerejista, izikhombisi ze-stack, kunye neeflegi zeprosesa-yayikuseta ngokutsha okusisiseko. Indikhumbuze ukuba zonke izixhobo ezinamandla endizisebenzisa mihla le, kubandakanya amaqonga afana ne-Mewayz enza lula inkqubo ye-orchestration yeshishini, ekugqibeleni zakhelwe phezu kwesi siseko sikrwada, soomatshini. Ukuqonda eso siseko, nokuba kuncinci, kunika uxabiso olunzulu ngobuhle be-abstract kunye neliso elibukhali lokuxilonga iingxaki ezinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha "zivuze" kwiileya.

Isifundo kwintlonipho esisiseko

Ukubuyela kwimeko yam yenkqubo yenqanaba eliphezulu emva kolu bunzima ndaziva ngathi ndibuyela ekhaya. Kodwa ndabuya ndinentlonipho ehlaziyiweyo yeziseko ezenza umsebenzi wam ube nokwenzeka. Ukudityaniswa kwemodyuli engenamthungo kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi okuzenzekelayo kwinkqubo efana ne-Mewayz zizinto zobunjineli ezihlala phezu kwentaba entsonkothileyo, inqanaba elisezantsi lokuqiqa. Ngelixa kungafuneki ndibe yingcaphephe yokuhlanganisa ukwakha isoftware yeshishini esebenzayo, amava andinike umbono obalulekileyo. Iqaqambise ukubaluleka kokuqonda iileya ezingaphantsi kwezixhobo zethu, kungekuko ukuba sisebenze kuzo yonke imihla, kodwa ukubulela ngcono umlingo abawenzayo kwaye ube ngusombululi weengxaki oqondayo xa lo mlingo ungaphumeleli ngamanye amaxesha. Ithuku lam alizange lisilele nje; zabuyiselwa ukuba zibengcono.